The FEDERAL INDIAN BOARDING SCHOOL REPORT: Apology, Assimilation, Domination
More than a historical document—it’s the ongoing reality of domination, land dispossession, and the attempted erasure of entire peoples.
We invite you to sit with us for this conversation about the federal Indian Boarding School report, because what’s at stake is far more than a historical document—it’s the ongoing reality of domination, land dispossession, and the attempted erasure of entire peoples.
As we walk through volumes one and two of the report, we look beyond the bureaucratic language and euphemisms to examine how these so called boarding schools functioned as prisons for children — an admitted tool in the overall program to seize Indigenous lands.
We connect the report’s own admissions—about cultural “assimilation,” forced citizenship, and the U.S. government’s ‘trust’ doctrine—to the broader system that tried to destroy Indigenous nationhood while training Native children to identify with “our nation,” the United States, instead of their own peoples.
In this discussion, we also bring in powerful firsthand accounts and historical testimony that the official report only partially grapples with: the chaining and flogging of children, the dungeons and unmarked graves, the parents imprisoned for resisting the kidnapping of their own sons and daughters.
We don’t dwell on these stories to shock, but to insist that any “healing” conversation must be grounded in truth—truth about genocide, about land theft, and about a still active domination system that did not end when the schools closed.
We talk about what a rightful education looks like, about how language shapes identity, and why “remembrance” without legal change serves to mask the operations of the ongoing system.
We encourage you to watch and listen to this conversation and then explore the resources linked with it, including the Boarding School reports themselves and the book Massacre by Robert Gesner.
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RESOURCES:
Resources:
“Federal Indian Boarding School Initiative Investigative Report” –
Volume I - https://www.bia.gov/sites/default/files/dup/inline-files/bsi_investigative_report_may_2022_508.pdf
“Indian Civilization Act” (1819) - https://govtrackus.s3.amazonaws.com/legislink/pdf/stat/3/STATUTE-3-Pg516b.pdf
“Report of the Committee, to whom was referred so much of the President’s message as relates to the civilization of the Indian tribes” - https://www.loc.gov/item/ca25001025/
“Raphael Lemkin and the Concept of Genocide” - https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv2t4ds5
Robert Gessner, Massacre; a survey of today’s American Indian - https://archive.org/details/massacresurveyof0000gess_i8w6
“A Conversation with Phillip Deere, Muskogee-Creek” -




Greetings W. D. James,
My friend Dr. David Walker has published an entire book, Coyote's Swing: A Memoir and Critique of Mental Hygiene in Native America (University of Washington Press, 2022), regarding the question you are raising here. "Incompetent" was and still is an official label for traditional Indians within the federal system of Indian affairs. And you also have examples such as the Hiawatha Asylum for Insane Indians in Canton, South Dakota which Dave Walker examines in detail. It's heart wrenching information, and further evidence of the domination system and the claim of a right of domination. His book is amazing! Take care, and thanks for reaching out.
~sn~
Thanks to both of you for the great discussion. This makes me suspect there is some connection between the Indian boarding school system and the institutionalization of people with developmental disabilities (mid 19th c to mid 20th c, but actually still ongoing). The aims were different (assimilation in the former case, segregation in the latter), but the methods seem to echo one another somewhat. I wonder, was the language of hygiene or health (I suppose as applied culturally in the case of native folks) used in the building and design of the boarding school system?